Dr. Krishna Reddy Nallamalla, Cardiologist & Regional Director, Access Health International brought a paradigm shift in use of indigenous stents from 5 per cent of indigenous stents usage to 80 per cent of indigenous stents usage. He conveyed that medicine should be safe and effective. Due to a lack of evidence and data, he too faced hesitation from companies in accepting his product at the beginning. However, he mentioned about facing the colonial mind set of people that imported is always good and indigenius is always bad.

The doctor defined the three objectives of medicine as: do people have access to them; are they of the right quality; are they affordable? Keeping the three things in mind, medical evolution should move forward in the fields of technology, hospitals, and government healthcare policies.

Speaking about the role of government in promoting public-private participation in healthcare, he said that healthcare is so complex that government alone won't be able to provide such services, so private needs evolve in order to meet people's needs.

He said that the public sector addresses key factors like social determinants of health, preventive care and basic healthcare needs. Education, housing, safe drinking water, and a clean environment are examples of social determinants of health. On the other hand, preventive care may include vaccination, population screening like BP check and blood sugar check in order to prevent non-communicable diseases in the future. He said the private sector is not interested in these areas as it does not make business sense.

The government should use selective purchasing so that wherever it can't source, it will bring in private providers. In terms of public health insurance, the government helps mobilise financial resources, which in turn helps people purchase insurance from a private provider. 

As the government has an excellent research and development network. It should be involved in technology development for healthy goods, healthy devices, and healthy vaccines. The best example of private-public participation is the indigenous vaccine prepared by the National Institute of Virulogy, ICMR and Bharat Biotech. Every improvement is based on the triple bottom line: SDG principles, societal care, and profit.